Fifth Semester

Pokhara University

B.Sc. Biochemistry (Revised Syllabus)

Metabolism II (Biochem 331): For 2006 Batch

Section I

Fatty acid catabolism: Digestion, Mobilization and transport of fats, Oxidation of fatty acids, Ketone bodies

Amino acid oxidation and the Production of Urea: Metabolic fates of amino groups, Nitrogen excretion and the urea cycle, Pathways of amino acid degradation.

Section II

Lipid biosynthesis: Biosynthesis of fatty acids and eicosanoids, Biosynthesis of triacylglycerols, Biosynthesis of membrane phospholipids, Biosynthesis of Cholesterol, Steroids and Isoprenoids

Section III

Biosynthesis of amino acids, nucleotides and related molecules: Overview of nitrogen metabolism, Biosynthesis of amino acids, Molecules derived from amino acids, Biosynthesis and degradation of nucleotides

Section IV

Integration and hormonal regulation of mammalian metabolism: Tissue specific metabolism: The division of labor, Hormonal regulation of fuel metabolism, Long term regulation of body mass, Hormones: Diverse structures for diverse functions

Text book: 

Nelson DL and Cox MM (2005) Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 4^th edition, WH freeman and company, New York

Metabolism II (Biochem 331): For 2005 Batch

Section I

Fatty acid catabolism: Digestion, Mobilization and transport of fats, Oxidation of fatty acids, Ketone bodies

Amino acid oxidation and the Production of Urea: Metabolic fates of amino groups, Nitrogen excretion and the urea cycle, Pathways of amino acid degradation.

Section II

Lipid biosynthesis: Biosynthesis of fatty acids and eicosanoids, Biosynthesis of triacylglycerols, Biosynthesis of membrane phospholipids, Biosynthesis of Cholesterol, Steroids and Isoprenoids

Section III

Biosynthesis of amino acids, nucleotides and related molecules: Overview of nitrogen metabolism, Biosynthesis of amino acids, Molecules derived from amino acids, Biosynthesis and degradation of nucleotides

Section IV

Integration and hormonal regulation of mammalian metabolism: Tissue specific metabolism: The division of labor, Hormonal regulation of fuel metabolism, Long term regulation of body mass, Hormones: Diverse structures for diverse functions

Biosignaling: Molecular Mechanisms of Signal Transduction, Gated Ion Channels, Receptor Enzymes, G Protein-Coupled Receptors and Second Messengers, Multivalent Scaffold Proteins and Membrane Rafts, Signaling in Microorganisms and Plants, Sensory Transduction in Vision, Olfaction, and Gustation, Regulation of Transcription by Steroid Hormones, Regulation of the Cell Cycle by Protein Kinases, Oncogenes, Tumor Suppressor Genes, and Programmed Cell Death

Text book:

  Nelson DL and Cox MM (2005) Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 4^th edition, WH freeman and company, New York

Biol 312 ( Microbiology )

Section I

The Characterization, Classification, and Identification of Microorganisms: Major Characteristics of Microorganisms, Microbial Classification, Nomenclature and Identification
The Microscopic Examination of Microorganisms: Microscopes and Microscopy, Limitations of Electron Microscopy, Preparations of Light-Microscope Examinations
The Morphology and Fine Structure of Bacteria: The Size, shape, and Arrangement of Becterial Cells, Bacterial Structures, Structures External to the Cell Wall, The Cell Wall, Structures Internal to the Cell Wall, Spores and Cysts
The Cultivation of Bacteria: Nutritional Requirements, Nutritional Types of Bacteria, Bacteriological Media, Physical Conditions Required for Growth, Choice of media and Conditions of Incubation
Reproduction and Growth: Reproduction, Growth, Quantitative Measurement of Bacterial Growth Pure Cultures and Cultural Characteristics: Natural Microbial Populations (Mixed Cultures), Selective Methods, Pure Cultures, Maintenance and Preservation of Pure Cultures, Cultural Characteristics

Section II

Gram-Negative Bacteria: Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 1, The Spirochetes, Aerobic/Microaerophilic, Motile, Helical/Vibrioid, Gram-Negative Bacteria, Nonmotile (or Rarely Motile), Gram-Negative Curved Bacteria, Aerobic Gram-Negative Rods and Cocci, Facultatively Anaerobic Gram-Negative Rods, Anaerobic Gram-Negative Straight, Curved, and Helical Rods, Dissimilatory Sulfate- or Sulfur-Reducing Bacteria, Anaerobic Gram-Negative Cocci, The Rickettsias and Chlamydias, The Mycoplasmas, Endosymbionts
Gram-Positive Bacteria: Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 2, Gram-Positive Cocci, Endospore-Forming Gram-Positive Bacteria, Nonsporeforming Gram-Positive Rods of Regular Shape, Mycobacteria, Nocardioforms
Bacteria with Unusual Properties: Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 3, Anoxygenic Phototrophic Bacteria, Oxygenic Phototrophic Bacteria, Gliding, Fruiting Bacteria, Gliding, Nonfruiting Bacteria, The Sheathed Bacteria, Budding and/or Appendaged Bacteria, Chemolithotrophic Bacteria, Archaeobacteria
Gram-Positive Filamentous Bacteria of Complex Morphology: Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 4, Filamentous Bacteria that Divide in More Than One Plane, Filamentous Bacteria That Forom True Sporangia, Streptomyces and Similar Genera, Additional Filamentous Bacteria Having Uncertain Taxonomic Placement

Section III

Fungi – Molds and Yeasts: The Importance of Fungi, Distinguishing Characteristics of Fungi, Morphology, Reproduction, Physiology, Cultivation of Fungi, Classification of Fungi, Some Fungi of Special Interest, Molds and Their Association with Other Organisms
Algae: Occurrence of Algae, The Biological and Economic Importance of Algae, Characteristics of Algae, Classification, Lichens
Protozoa: Occurrence of Protozoa,Ecology of Protozoa,The Importance of Protozoa, Morphology of Protozoa, Reproduction of Protozoa, Classification of Protozoa, Characteristics of Some Major Groups of Protozoa

Section IV

Viruses of Bacteria: Bacteriophages: Discovery and Significance, General Characteristics, Morphology and Structure, The Classification and Nomenclature of Bacteriophages, Some Bacteriophges of Escherichia coli, Replication of Bacterial Viruses, The Viral Multiplication (Replication) Cycle, Lysogeny
Viruses of Animals and Plants: History, Structure and Composition, Virus Replication, Classification of Viruses, Isolation and Identification of Viruses, Cultivation of Animal Viruses, Cultivation of Plant Viruses, Effects of Virus Infection on Cells, Progressive and Fatal Diseases Associated with Viruses in Animals, Viroids
The Control of Microorganisms by Physical Agents: Fundamentals of Control, Physical Agents
Control by Chemical Agents: Characteristics of an Ideal Antimicrobial Chemical Agent, Definition of Terms, Selection of a Chemical Agent for Practical Applications, Major Groups of Antimicrobial Agents, Evaluation of Antimicrobial Chemical Agnets, General Observations
Antibiotics and Other Chemotherapeutic Agents: Chemotherapeutic Agents and Chemotherapy, Historical Highlights of Chemotherapy, Characteristics of Antibiotics That Quality Them As Chemotherapeutic Agents, Antibiotics and Their Mode of Action, Antifungal Antibiotics, Antiviral Chemotherapeutic Agents, Antitumor Antibiotics, Synthetic Chemotherapeutic Agents, Development of Resistance to Antibiotics, Microbiological Assay of Antibiotics, Microbial Susceptibility to Chemotherapeutic Agents, Nonmedical User of Antibiotics

Text Book :

Microbiology MJ Pelczar, Jr., E.C.S. Chan, N.R. Krieg; Tata Mc Graw-Hill Edition

Eng 314 (Scientific Writing)

General advice about reading and writing Biology,
Introduction and general rules
General advice on reading and note taking
Reading and writing about statistical analysis
Citing sources and listing references
Revising
Writing summaries and critics
Writing laboratory and other research reports
Writing essays and term papers
Writing research proposals
Writing a poster presentation
Writing for a general audience
Preparing a oral presentations
Writing letters of application.

Text Book:

A Short Guide to Writing About Biology, Fourth Edition. Jan Pechenik

www.ablongman.com/shortguides

Biochem 313(Cell Biology)

Section I

Cell Communication: General principles of cell communication, Signalling through G- protein – linked Cell surface receptor, Signaling through G- protein – linked Cell surface receptor, Signaling pathways that depend on regular proteolysis, Signaling in plants

Section II

The Cytoskeleton: The self assembly and dynamic structure of cytoskeletal filaments, How cell regulate their cytoskeletal filaments, Molecular motors, The cytoskeleton and cell  behavior

 Section III

The Cell Cycle and Programmed Cell Death: An overview of cell cycle, Components of cell cycle control system, Intracellular control of cell cycle events, Programmed cell death (Apoptosis), Extracellulllar control of cell division, cell growth, and apoptosis

The Mechanism of Cell Division: An overview of M- phase, Mitosis, Cytokinesis

Section - IV

Cell Junction, cell adhesion, and the extra cellular matrix: Cell Junction , Cell-cell adhesion, The extra-cellular matrix of animals, Integrins, The plant cell wall

Germ Cell and Fertilization: The benefit of sex, Meiosis, Primordial germ cells and sex differention in mammals, Eggs, Sperm, Fertilization

Text book:

Alberts, B; Johnson, A; Lewis, J; Raff, M; Roberts, K; Walter, P (2002) Molecular Biology of the Cell, 4th Ed, Garland Science Taylor and Francis Group.